Difference between revisions of "FEM-WIKI"
Bosmana fem (talk | contribs) m (Formatting Table of Content) |
Bosmana fem (talk | contribs) m (→Article Portal: Formatting) |
||
| Line 10: | Line 10: | ||
== '''Article Portal''' == | == '''Article Portal''' == | ||
| − | * Assessing the burden of disease and risk assessment | + | * [[Assessing the burden of disease and risk assessment]] |
| − | ** Descriptive data analysis | + | ** [[Descriptive data analysis]] |
| − | *** Analysis by person characteristics | + | *** [[Analysis by person characteristics]] |
| − | **** Analysis by place characteristics | + | **** [[Analysis by place characteristics]] |
| − | **** Choosing an appropriate type of map | + | **** [[Choosing an appropriate type of map]] |
| − | **** Which indicator to map? | + | **** [[Which indicator to map?]] |
| − | *** Analysis by time characteristics | + | *** [[Analysis by time characteristics]] |
| − | * Methods for setting thresholds in time series analysis | + | * [[Methods for setting thresholds in time series analysis]] |
| − | * Smoothing techniques for describing time series | + | * [[Smoothing techniques for describing time series]] |
| − | * Spatial Analysis (Geographical Information Systems) | + | * [[Spatial Analysis (Geographical Information Systems)]] |
| − | *** Epidemic Intelligence | + | *** [[Epidemic Intelligence]] |
| − | *** Rapid Risk Assessment | + | *** [[Rapid Risk Assessment]] |
| − | * Classifying and Measuring Risk | + | * [[Classifying and Measuring Risk]] |
| − | * Identifying Risk | + | * [[Identifying Risk]] |
| − | * Stage 0: Preparation for rapid risk assessment | + | * [[Stage 0: Preparation for rapid risk assessment]] |
| − | * Stage 1: Collecting event information | + | * [[Stage 1: Collecting event information]] |
| − | * Stage 2: Systematically collecting information | + | * [[Stage 2: Systematically collecting information]] |
| − | * Stage 3: Extracting relevant evidence | + | * [[Stage 3: Extracting relevant evidence]] |
| − | * Stage 4: Appraising evidence | + | * [[Stage 4: Appraising evidence]] |
| − | * Stage 5; Estimating the risk | + | * [[Stage 5; Estimating the risk]] |
| − | * Surveillance - Principles | + | * [[Surveillance - Principles]] |
| − | * Criteria for Surveillance | + | * [[Criteria for Surveillance]] |
| − | * Event-based Surveillance | + | * [[Event-based Surveillance]] |
| − | * Indicator-based Surveillance | + | * [[Indicator-based Surveillance]] |
| − | * Establishing a Surveillance System | + | * [[Establishing a Surveillance System]] |
| − | * Analysis of Surveillance Data | + | * [[Analysis of Surveillance Data]] |
| − | * Analysis, Interpretation and Dissemination | + | * [[Analysis, Interpretation and Dissemination]] |
| − | * Quality checking | + | * [[Quality checking]] |
| − | * Common errors in surveillance data analysis | + | * [[Common errors in surveillance data analysis]] |
| − | * Evaluation of Surveillance Systems | + | * [[Evaluation of Surveillance Systems]] |
| − | * 10 common errors in surveillance evaluations | + | * [[10 common errors in surveillance evaluations]] |
| − | * Quality, Governance and Operating Procedures | + | * [[Quality, Governance and Operating Procedures ]] |
| − | * Surveillance attributes for evaluation | + | * [[Surveillance attributes for evaluation]] |
| − | * capture-recapture | + | * [[capture-recapture]] |
| − | * Sources and Types of Data | + | * [[Sources and Types of Data]] |
| − | * Types of Surveillance System (Active vs Passive) | + | * [[Types of Surveillance System (Active vs Passive)]] |
| − | * Surveillance System Design and Operation | + | * [[Surveillance System Design and Operation]] |
| − | * Uses of Surveillance Data | + | * [[Uses of Surveillance Data]] |
| − | * Objectives of Surveillance – Inputs and Outputs | + | * [[Objectives of Surveillance – Inputs and Outputs]] |
| − | * Opportunities and Challenges | + | * [[Opportunities and Challenges]] |
| − | * Surveillance or Research? | + | * [[Surveillance or Research?]] |
| − | * The Components of Surveillance | + | * [[The Components of Surveillance]] |
| − | * The Role of Surveillance | + | * [[The Role of Surveillance]] |
| − | * Field Epidemiology | + | * [[Field Epidemiology]] |
| − | * Combining Studies: Meta-Analysis | + | * [[Combining Studies: Meta-Analysis]] |
| − | * Key definitions in infectious diseases epidemiology | + | * [[Key definitions in infectious diseases epidemiology]] |
| − | * Measurement in Field Epidemiology | + | * [[Measurement in Field Epidemiology]] |
| − | * Cluster Investigations | + | * [[Cluster Investigations]] |
| − | * Statistical Methods for Cluster Investigation | + | * [[Statistical Methods for Cluster Investigation]] |
| − | * Types of Cluster | + | * [[Types of Cluster]] |
| − | * Getting Measurement Right | + | * [[Getting Measurement Right]] |
| − | * Measures of association | + | * [[Measures of association]] |
| − | * Measures of Disease Impact | + | * [[Measures of Disease Impact]] |
| − | * Impact numbers | + | * [[Impact numbers]] |
| − | * Measures of disease impact - Further reading | + | * [[Measures of disease impact - Further reading ] |
| − | * Measures of impact among the exposed | + | * [[Measures of impact among the exposed]] |
| − | * Measures of impact in the population | + | * [[Measures of impact in the population]] |
| − | * Quantifying disease burden | + | * [[Quantifying disease burden]] |
| − | * Measures of Disease Occurrence | + | * [[Measures of Disease Occurrence]] |
| − | * Attack rates and case fatality | + | * [[Attack rates and case fatality]] |
| − | * Incidence rate | + | * [[Incidence rate]] |
| − | * Odds | + | * [[Odds]] |
| − | * Probability | + | * [[Probability]] |
| − | * Prevalence | + | * [[Prevalence]] |
| − | * Relation between risk and incidence rate | + | * [[Relation between risk and incidence rate]] |
| − | * Risks and Rates | + | * [[Risks and Rates]] |
| − | * Problems with Measurement | + | * [[Problems with Measurement]] |
| − | * Bias | + | * [[Bias]] |
| − | * Detection Bias | + | * [[Detection Bias]] |
| − | * Effect Modification and Confounding | + | * [[Effect Modification and Confounding]] |
| − | * Confounding in studies | + | * [[Confounding in studies |
| − | * Criteria for confounding | + | * [[Criteria for confounding]] |
| − | * Dose Effect | + | * [[Dose Effect]] |
| − | * Effect Modification | + | * [[Effect Modification]] |
| − | * Interaction | + | * [[Interaction]] |
| − | * Residual Confounding | + | * [[Residual Confounding]] |
| − | * Information (Measurement) Bias | + | * [[Information (Measurement) Bias]] |
| − | * Interviewer Bias | + | * [[Interviewer Bias]] |
| − | * Recall Bias | + | * [[Recall Bias]] |
| − | * Reporting Bias | + | * [[Reporting Bias]] |
| − | * Response Bias | + | * [[Response Bias]] |
| − | * Preventing bias | + | * [[Preventing bias ]] |
| − | * Selection Bias | + | * [[Selection Bias ]] |
| − | * Selection bias and case-control studies | + | * [[Selection bias and case-control studies ]] |
| − | * Ascertainment Bias | + | * [[Ascertainment Bias]] |
| − | * Diagnostic bias | + | * [[Diagnostic bias]] |
| − | * Non-response bias | + | * [[Non-response bias]] |
| − | * Referral bias | + | * [[Referral bias]] |
| − | * Survival bias | + | * [[Survival bias]] |
| − | * Selection bias and cohort studies | + | * [[Selection bias and cohort studies]] |
| − | * Testing the Tests | + | * [[Testing the Tests ]] |
| − | * Diagnostic tests versus screening | + | * [[Diagnostic tests versus screening test ]] |
| − | * Glossary | + | * [[Glossary]] |
| − | * Parallel versus Serial testing | + | * [[Parallel versus Serial testing]] |
| − | * Receiver operating curve | + | * [[Receiver operating curve]] |
| − | * Test Precision | + | * [[Test Precision]] |
| − | * Test reliability | + | * [[Test reliability ]] |
| − | * Test Reproducibility | + | * [[Test Reproducibility]] |
| − | * Threshold setting | + | * [[Threshold setting ]] |
| − | * Validity and accuracy | + | * [[Validity and accuracy ]] |
| − | * Methods in Field Epidemiology | + | * [[Methods in Field Epidemiology]] |
| − | * Scientific (evidence base for prevention) | + | * [[Scientific (evidence base for prevention)]] |
| − | * Causal Inference | + | * [[Causal Inference ]] |
| − | * Causal mechanisms | + | * [[Causal mechanisms ]] |
| − | * Viewpoints for Causality (Bradford Hill) | + | * [[Viewpoints for Causality (Bradford Hill) ]] |
| − | * Types of Study | + | * [[Types of Study ]] |
| − | * Analytical Study Designs | + | * [[Analytical Study Designs ]] |
| − | * Advantages and disadvantages of cohort and case control studies | + | * [[Advantages and disadvantages of cohort and case control studies ]] |
| − | * Case-control studies | + | * [[Case-control studies ]] |
| − | * Case-cohort study | + | * [[Case-cohort study ]] |
| − | * Density case control studies | + | * [[Density case control studies ]] |
| − | * Table measuring risk, rate and odds ratio | + | * [[Table measuring risk, rate and odds ratio ]] |
| − | * Traditional case-control studies | + | * [[Traditional case-control studies ]] |
| − | * Choosing a Reference Group | + | * [[Choosing a Reference Group ]] |
| − | * Control Selection | + | * [[Control Selection ]] |
| − | * Developing a control definition | + | * [[Developing a control definition ]] |
| − | * Special Considerations in Control Selection | + | * [[Special Considerations in Control Selection ]] |
| − | * Cohort studies | + | * [[Cohort studies ]] |
| − | * Measuring incidence rates | + | * [[Measuring incidence rates ]] |
| − | * Measuring risk | + | * [[Measuring risk ]] |
| − | * Reference group for cohort studies | + | * [[Reference group for cohort studies ]] |
| − | * Cross-sectional Studies | + | * [[Cross-sectional Studies]] |
| − | * Matching | + | * [[Matching ]] |
| − | * Advantages and disadvantages of matching | + | * [[Advantages and disadvantages of matching ]] |
| − | * Principles of matching | + | * [[Principles of matching ]] |
| − | * Restriction | + | * [[Restriction ]] |
| − | * Table format and Analysis | + | * [[Table format and Analysis ]] |
| − | * Measures of effect in various study designs | + | * [[Measures of effect in various study designs]] |
| − | * Non-traditional designs | + | * [[Non-traditional designs |
| − | * Case cross over studies | + | * [[Case cross over studies ]] |
| − | * Case to case study design | + | * [[Case to case study design ]] |
| − | * Descriptive Studies | + | * [[Descriptive Studies ]] |
| − | * Experimental Studies | + | * [[Experimental Studies]] |
| − | * Outbreak Investigations | + | * [[Outbreak Investigations ]] |
| − | * Case definitions for outbreak assessment | + | * [[Case definitions for outbreak assessment ]] |
| − | * Case Definitions | + | * [[Case Definitions]] |
| − | * Defining a Case | + | * [[Defining a Case ]] |
| − | * Sensitivity and Specificity of a case definition | + | * [[Sensitivity and Specificity of a case definition ]] |
| − | * Various Levels of Case Definition | + | * [[Various Levels of Case Definition ]] |
| − | * Confirm the outbreak | + | * [[Confirm the outbreak ]] |
| − | * Types of Outbreak | + | * [[Types of Outbreak ]] |
| − | * Continuing Source | + | * [[Continuing Source]] |
| − | * Distinguishing Different Sources or Modes of Transmission during an outbreak | + | * [[Distinguishing Different Sources or Modes of Transmission during an outbreak ]] |
| − | * Identifying Multiple Possible Outbreak Sources | + | * [[Identifying Multiple Possible Outbreak Sources ]] |
| − | * Person to Person | + | * [[Person to Person]] |
| − | * Point Source | + | * [[Point Source]] |
| − | * Refining the estimated point in time of an outbreak source | + | * [[Refining the estimated point in time of an outbreak source ]] |
| − | * Incubation period, Latent period and Generation time | + | * [[Incubation period, Latent period and Generation time]] |
| − | * Unmasking Outbreak Source through Segmentation | + | * [[Unmasking Outbreak Source through Segmentation ]] |
| − | * Vector Borne | + | * [[Vector Borne]] |
| − | * Describe the outbreak | + | * [[Describe the outbreak]] |
| − | * Construction of Epidemic Curves | + | * [[Construction of Epidemic Curves ]] |
| − | * Diagnostic Applications of the Epidemic Curve | + | * [[Diagnostic Applications of the Epidemic Curve ]] |
| − | * Disentangling Complex Data | + | * [[Disentangling Complex Data ]] |
| − | * Use of Epidemic Curves for characterising Outbreak Sources | + | * [[Use of Epidemic Curves for characterising Outbreak Sources ]] |
| − | * Informing Action / Improving Knowledge | + | * [[Informing Action / Improving Knowledge]] |
| − | * Additional resources for presenting findings | + | * [[Additional resources for presenting findings ]] |
| − | * Choosing a method of data display | + | * [[Choosing a method of data display ]] |
| − | * Communication of findings | + | * [[Communication of findings]] |
| − | * To professionals | + | * [[To professionals]] |
| − | * Definition of an Outbreak Investigation Report | + | * [[Definition of an Outbreak Investigation Report ]] |
| − | * Frequent Problems with writing an Outbreak Investigation Report | + | * [[Frequent Problems with writing an Outbreak Investigation Report ]] |
| − | * Structure of an Outbreak Investigation Report | + | * [[Structure of an Outbreak Investigation Report ]] |
| − | * Writing an Outbreak Investigation Report | + | * [[Writing an Outbreak Investigation Report ]] |
| − | * Writing style of an Outbreak Investigation Report | + | * [[Writing style of an Outbreak Investigation Report ]] |
| − | * SOCO (single over-riding communications objective) | + | * [[SOCO (single over-riding communications objective)]] |
| − | * To Public and the Media | + | * [[To Public and the Media]] |
| − | * Graphs, charts, diagrams | + | * [[Graphs, charts, diagrams ]] |
| − | * Bar graphs | + | * [[Bar graphs ]] |
| − | * Frequency polygons | + | * [[Frequency polygons]] |
| − | * Histograms | + | * [[Histograms ]] |
| − | * Line graphs | + | * [[Line graphs ]] |
| − | * Other types of data display | + | * [[Other types of data display ]] |
| − | * Pie charts | + | * [[Pie charts ]] |
| − | * Interpreting Data | + | * [[Interpreting Data]] |
| − | * Maps | + | * [[Maps ]] |
| − | * Presenting Data | + | * [[Presenting Data ]] |
| − | * Tables | + | * [[Tables ]] |
| − | * Types of variables and line listing | + | * [[Types of variables and line listing ]] |
| − | * Use of computers | + | * [[Use of computers ]] |
| − | * Investigations in Special Circumstances | + | * [[Investigations in Special Circumstances]] |
| − | * Disasters and Emergencies | + | * [[Disasters and Emergencies]] |
| − | * Health care settings | + | * [[Health care settings]] |
| − | * Possible Terrorist / Deliberate Event | + | * [[Possible Terrorist / Deliberate Event]] |
| − | * Prisons | + | * [[Prisons]] |
| − | * Schools | + | * [[Schools]] |
| − | * Outbreak investigations: 10 steps, 10 pitfalls | + | * [[Outbreak investigations: 10 steps, 10 pitfalls ]] |
| − | * Outbreak steps : additional points | + | * [[Outbreak steps : additional points]] |
| − | * Rationale for Outbreak Investigations | + | * [[Rationale for Outbreak Investigations]] |
| − | * Public health response (informing control) | + | * [[Public health response (informing control)]] |
| − | * The outbreak management team | + | * [[The outbreak management team ]] |
| − | * Formal Risk Assessment | + | * [[Formal Risk Assessment]] |
| − | * Health Economics | + | * [[Health Economics]] |
| − | * Cost-effectiveness | + | * [[Cost-effectiveness]] |
| − | * Cost-minimisation | + | * [[Cost-minimisation]] |
| − | * Cost-utility | + | * [[Cost-utility]] |
| − | * Measuring the Quality of Healthcare | + | * [[Measuring the Quality of Healthcare]] |
| − | * Sensitivity Analysis | + | * [[Sensitivity Analysis]] |
| − | * Screening | + | * [[Screening]] |
| − | * Evaluation of Screening | + | * [[Evaluation of Screening]] |
| − | * Measures of Accuracy in Screening | + | * [[Measures of Accuracy in Screening]] |
| − | * Principles of Screening | + | * [[Principles of Screening]] |
| − | * General Communication | + | * [[General Communication]] |
| − | * Aide memoire for oral presentations and visual aids | + | * [[Aide memoire for oral presentations and visual aids]] |
| − | * Health communication | + | * [[Health communication]] |
| − | * Crisis communication | + | * [[Crisis communication]] |
| − | * Health advocacy | + | * [[Health advocacy]] |
| − | * Health education | + | * [[Health education]] |
| − | * Health literacy | + | * [[Health literacy]] |
| − | * Outbreak communication | + | * [[Outbreak communication]] |
| − | * Risk communication | + | * [[Risk communication]] |
| − | * Social marketing | + | * [[Social marketing]] |
| − | * Writing a Study Protocol | + | * [[Writing a Study Protocol ]] |
| − | * Analysing a public health problem | + | * [[Analysing a public health problem ]] |
| − | * SMART definitions | + | * [[SMART definitions ]] |
| − | * Checklist for study protocols | + | * [[Checklist for study protocols]] |
| − | * Data collection instrument | + | * [[Data collection instrument]] |
| − | * Questionnaire Design | + | * [[Questionnaire Design ]] |
| − | * Advantages and Disadvantages of Questionnaires | + | * [[Advantages and Disadvantages of Questionnaires ]] |
| − | * Bias in Questionnaires | + | * [[Bias in Questionnaires ]] |
| − | * Hints to Design a Good Questionnaire | + | * [[Hints to Design a Good Questionnaire ]] |
| − | * Questionnaire Layout and Coding | + | * [[Questionnaire Layout and Coding ]] |
| − | * Seven Golden Rules to Design Questions | + | * [[Seven Golden Rules to Design Questions ]] |
| − | * Piloting Questionnaires | + | * [[Piloting Questionnaires ]] |
| − | * Ten Steps to Design a Questionnaire | + | * [[Ten Steps to Design a Questionnaire ]] |
| − | * Types of Questionnaires | + | * [[Types of Questionnaires ]] |
| − | * Types of Questions | + | * [[Types of Questions ]] |
| − | * Format of closed questions | + | * [[Format of closed questions ]] |
| − | * Validated questionnaires | + | * [[Validated questionnaires ]] |
| − | * Writing for Publications | + | * [[Writing for Publications]] |
| − | * Checklist for posters | + | * [[Checklist for posters ]] |
| − | * Scientific paper review form | + | * [[Scientific paper review form]] |
| − | * Writing for Stakeholders | + | * [[Writing for Stakeholders]] |
| − | * Infection control and hospital hygiene | + | * [[Infection control and hospital hygiene]] |
| − | * Antimicrobial stewardship | + | * [[Antimicrobial stewardship]] |
| − | * Healthcare-associated infection prevention and control as a part of patient safety programme | + | * [[Healthcare-associated infection prevention and control as a part of patient safety programme]] |
| − | * Healthcare-associated infection prevention and control programme | + | * [[Healthcare-associated infection prevention and control programme]] |
| − | * Cooperative learning as active learning in adult | + | * [[Cooperative learning as active learning in adult]] |
| − | * Education and training of staff | + | * [[Education and training of staff]] |
| − | * Healthcare-associated infections and risk assessment | + | * [[Healthcare-associated infections and risk assessment]] |
| − | * Burden of HAIs | + | * [[Burden of HAIs]] |
| − | * Main pathogens and resistance | + | * [[Main pathogens and resistance]] |
| − | * Antimicrobial resistance | + | * [[Antimicrobial resistance]] |
| − | * Acquired resistance | + | * [[Acquired resistance]] |
| − | * Mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance | + | * [[Mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance]] |
| − | * Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) | + | * [[Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO)]] |
| − | * Types of HAIs | + | * [[Types of HAIs]] |
| − | * CAUTI | + | * [[CAUTI]] |
| − | * CLABSI | + | * [[CLABSI]] |
| − | * SSI | + | * [[SSI]] |
| − | * VAP | + | * [[VAP]] |
| − | * Infection control interventions | + | * [[Infection control interventions |
| − | * Cohorting patients and/or staff | + | * [[Cohorting patients and/or staff]] |
| − | * Contact precautions | + | * [[Contact precautions]] |
| − | * Developing infection control interventions: isolation | + | * [[Developing infection control interventions: isolation]] |
| − | * Environment as a source of healthcare-associated infections | + | * [[Environment as a source of healthcare-associated infections]] |
| − | * Hand hygiene | + | * [[Hand hygiene]] |
| − | * Gloves and hand hygiene | + | * [[Gloves and hand hygiene]] |
| − | * Hand hygiene - principles | + | * [[Hand hygiene - principles]] |
| − | * Five moments for hand hygiene | + | * [[Five moments for hand hygiene]] |
| − | * Hand hygiene before invasive procedures | + | * [[Hand hygiene before invasive procedures]] |
| − | * Hand hygiene for patients and visitors | + | * [[Hand hygiene for patients and visitors]] |
| − | * Indications for hand hygiene | + | * [[Indications for hand hygiene]] |
| − | * Hand hygiene education and promotion | + | * [[Hand hygiene education and promotion]] |
| − | * Hand hygiene methods | + | * [[Hand hygiene methods]] |
| − | * Hand hygiene products selection and evaluation | + | * [[Hand hygiene products selection and evaluation]] |
| − | * Aesthetic preferences | + | * [[Aesthetic preferences]] |
| − | * Evaluation of the microbicidal activities of hand-rub and hand-wash agents | + | * [[Evaluation of the microbicidal activities of hand-rub and hand-wash agents]] |
| − | * Pilot testing | + | * [[Pilot testing]] |
| − | * Product accessibility and cost | + | * [[Product accessibility and cost]] |
| − | * Selection and evaluation for specific products | + | * [[Selection and evaluation for specific products]] |
| − | * Microbial flora of the hands | + | * [[Microbial flora of the hands]] |
| − | * Nails, rings, watches, bracelets | + | * [[Nails, rings, watches, bracelets]] |
| − | * Skin care | + | * [[Skin care]] |
| − | * Hospital cleaning and decontamination | + | * [[Hospital cleaning and decontamination]] |
| − | * Immunization of health care workers | + | * [[Immunization of health care workers]] |
| − | * Isolation of patients with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) | + | * [[Isolation of patients with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI)]] |
| − | * Methods for assessing environmental cleanliness | + | * [[Methods for assessing environmental cleanliness]] |
| − | * Microbial typing | + | * [[Microbial typing]] |
| − | * Molecular epidemiology | + | * [[Molecular epidemiology]] |
| − | * Pre-emptive isolation | + | * [[Pre-emptive isolation]] |
| − | * Reprocessing of flexible endoscopes | + | * [[Reprocessing of flexible endoscopes]] |
| − | * Standard precautions | + | * [[Standard precautions]] |
| − | * The role of the clinical microbiology laboratory in infection prevention and control | + | * [[The role of the clinical microbiology laboratory in infection prevention and control]] |
| − | * Clinical role of the microbiology laboratory | + | * [[Clinical role of the microbiology laboratory]] |
| − | * Epidemiological/public health role of the clinical microbiology laboratory | + | * [[Epidemiological/public health role of the clinical microbiology laboratory]] |
| − | * Surveillance and investigation of healthcare-associated infections | + | * [[Surveillance and investigation of healthcare-associated infections]] |
| − | * Case definitions of healthcare infections | + | * [[Case definitions of healthcare infections]] |
| − | * HAI case definitions for use in hospitals | + | * [[HAI case definitions for use in hospitals]] |
| − | * Bloodstream Infection | + | * [[Bloodstream Infection]] |
| − | * Bone and Joint Infection | + | * [[Bone and Joint Infection]] |
| − | * Cardiovascular System Infection | + | * [[Cardiovascular System Infection]] |
| − | * Catheter-Related Infection | + | * [[Catheter-Related Infection]] |
| − | * Central Nervous System Infection | + | * [[Central Nervous System Infection]] |
| − | * Eye, Ear, Nose or Mouth Infection | + | * [[Eye, Ear, Nose or Mouth Infection]] |
| − | * Gastrointestinal System Infections | + | * [[Gastrointestinal System Infections]] |
| − | * Lower Respiratory Tract Infection other than pneumonia | + | * [[Lower Respiratory Tract Infection other than pneumonia]] |
| − | * Pneumonia | + | * [[Pneumonia]] |
| − | * Reproductive Tract Infections | + | * [[Reproductive Tract Infections]] |
| − | * Skin and Soft Tissue Infections | + | * [[Skin and Soft Tissue Infections]] |
| − | * Specific Neonatal Case definitions | + | * [[Specific Neonatal Case definitions]] |
| − | * Surgical Site Infection | + | * [[Surgical Site Infection]] |
| − | * Systemic Infections | + | * [[Systemic Infections]] |
| − | * Urinary Tract Infection | + | * [[Urinary Tract Infection]] |
| − | * European surveillance of healthcare-associated infections | + | * [[European surveillance of healthcare-associated infections]] |
| − | * ECDC | + | * [[ECDC PPS in acute care hospitals]] |
| − | * ECDC | + | * [[ECDC PPS in European acute care hospitals protocol]] |
| − | * ECDC | + | * [[ECDC PPS in European acute care hospitals, definition of HAI]] |
| − | * ECDC PPS - antimicrobial use definition | + | * [[ECDC PPS - antimicrobial use definition]] |
| − | * ECDC PPS - inclusion/exclusion criteria | + | * [[ECDC PPS - inclusion/exclusion criteria]] |
| − | * ECDC point prevalence survey of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use in long term care facilities | + | * [[ECDC point prevalence survey of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use in long term care facilities]] |
| − | * ECDC surveillance of Surgical Site Infections | + | * [[ECDC surveillance of Surgical Site Infections]] |
| − | * HAI Surveillance at the EU level - importance of international networks | + | * [[HAI Surveillance at the EU level - importance of international networks]] |
| − | * ECDC Programme on antimicrobial resistance and healthcare-associated infections | + | * [[ECDC Programme on antimicrobial resistance and healthcare-associated infections]] |
| − | * European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net) | + | * [[European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net)]] |
| − | * European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption Network (ESAC-Net) | + | * [[European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption Network (ESAC-Net)]] |
| − | * Healthcare-Associated Infections Network (HAI-Net) | + | * [[Healthcare-Associated Infections Network (HAI-Net)]] |
| − | * Surveillance of Clostridium difficile infections | + | * [[Surveillance of Clostridium difficile infections]] |
| − | * Surveillance of HAIs in intensive care units | + | * [[Surveillance of HAIs in intensive care units]] |
| − | * The European Surveillance System (TESSy) | + | * [[The European Surveillance System (TESSy)]] |
| − | * Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections - definition | + | * [[Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections - definition]] |
| − | * Surveillance methodologies for healthcare associated infections | + | * [[Surveillance methodologies for healthcare associated infections]] |
| − | * Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections - other approaches | + | * [[Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections - other approaches]] |
| − | * Surveillance for MV Patients in the ICU | + | * [[Surveillance for MV Patients in the ICU]] |
| − | * Introduction to Public Health and basic concepts | + | * [[Introduction to Public Health and basic concepts]] |
| − | * Public Health Informatics | + | * [[Public Health Informatics]] |
| − | * Apps for epidemiologists | + | * [[Apps for epidemiologists]] |
| − | * Data Capture Systems | + | * [[Data Capture Systems]] |
| − | * Electronic Data Transfer | + | * [[Electronic Data Transfer]] |
| − | * Online Reporting | + | * [[Online Reporting]] |
| − | * Web-crawling Applications | + | * [[Web-crawling Applications]] |
| − | * Health Informatics Standards – general introduction | + | * [[Health Informatics Standards – general introduction]] |
| − | * Health Informatics Standards - Health Information Systems and Processes | + | * [[Health Informatics Standards - Health Information Systems and Processes]] |
| − | * Health Informatics Standards - Standard Content | + | * [[Health Informatics Standards - Standard Content]] |
| − | * Software for epidemiologists | + | * [[Software for epidemiologists]] |
| − | * Weblinks for epidemiologists | + | * [[Weblinks for epidemiologists]] |
| − | * Public Health Interventions | + | * [[Public Health Interventions]] |
| − | * Contact tracing | + | * [[Contact tracing]] |
| − | * Host | + | * [[Host]] |
| − | * Prevention | + | * [[Prevention]] |
| − | * Hygiene and Sanitation | + | * [[Hygiene and Sanitation]] |
| − | * Primary prevention | + | * [[Primary prevention ]] |
| − | * Vaccination | + | * [[Vaccination]] |
| − | * Herd immunity | + | * [[Herd immunity]] |
| − | * Measuring protection | + | * [[Measuring protection]] |
| − | * Secondary prevention | + | * [[Secondary prevention]] |
| − | * Tertiary prevention | + | * [[Tertiary prevention]] |
| − | * Reservoir for infectious agents | + | * [[Reservoir for infectious agents ]] |
| − | * Source of infection | + | * [[Source of infection]] |
| − | * Transmission routes | + | * [[Transmission routes]] |
| − | * Public Health Law | + | * [[Public Health Law ]] |
| − | * Brief history of International Communicable Disease Law | + | * [[Brief history of International Communicable Disease Law ]] |
| − | * EU Public Health Legislation | + | * [[EU Public Health Legislation ]] |
| − | * Decision 1082/2013/EU: Serious cross border health threat | + | * [[Decision 1082/2013/EU: Serious cross border health threat]] |
| − | * Some key recitals under 1082 | + | * [[Some key recitals under 1082]] |
| − | * EU Food Safety Legislation | + | * [[EU Food Safety Legislation]] |
| − | * EU Legislation for Communicable Diseases Surveillance | + | * [[EU Legislation for Communicable Diseases Surveillance]] |
| − | * International Health Regulations 2005 edition | + | * [[International Health Regulations 2005 edition]] |
| − | * Applying Epidemiology for the International Health Regulations. | + | * [[Applying Epidemiology for the International Health Regulations.]] |
| − | * Public Health Microbiology | + | * [[Public Health Microbiology]] |
| − | * Applied Immunology | + | * [[Applied Immunology]] |
| − | * Antibodies | + | * [[Antibodies]] |
| − | * Antigen presenting cells (APC) | + | * [[Antigen presenting cells (APC)]] |
| − | * Antigens (Ag) | + | * [[Antigens (Ag)]] |
| − | * How pathogens try to trick our defenses | + | * [[How pathogens try to trick our defenses]] |
| − | * Helminthic mechanisms of immune evasion | + | * [[Helminthic mechanisms of immune evasion]] |
| − | * Mechanism of infectious disease | + | * [[Mechanism of infectious disease]] |
| − | * What determines our susceptibility to infections? | + | * [[What determines our susceptibility to infections?]] |
| − | * Practical Aspects of Specimen Collection and Shipment | + | * [[Practical Aspects of Specimen Collection and Shipment]] |
| − | * The Role of Microbiology | + | * [[The Role of Microbiology]] |
| − | * Bioinformatics | + | * [[Bioinformatics]] |
| − | * Expert Advice | + | * [[Expert Advice]] |
| − | * Laboratory Support | + | * [[Laboratory Support]] |
| − | * Types of Microorganisms | + | * [[Types of Microorganisms]] |
| − | * Public Health Programs | + | * [[Public Health Programs]] |
| − | * Statistical Concepts | + | * [[Statistical Concepts]] |
| − | * Models | + | * [[Models]] |
| − | * Logistic Regression | + | * [[Logistic Regression]] |
| − | * Estimating Odds Ratios in the presence of interaction | + | * [[Estimating Odds Ratios in the presence of interaction]] |
| − | * Fitting logistic regression models | + | * [[Fitting logistic regression models ]] |
| − | * Interpreting model coefficients | + | * [[Interpreting model coefficients]] |
| − | * Linear models | + | * [[Linear models]] |
| − | * Model building strategies | + | * [[Model building strategies]] |
| − | * The logistic model | + | * [[The logistic model]] |
| − | * Stratified Analysis | + | * [[Stratified Analysis]] |
| − | * The Mantel Haenszel Method | + | * [[The Mantel Haenszel Method]] |
| − | * Power and Sample Size | + | * [[Power and Sample Size]] |
| − | * Presenting Statistics | + | * [[Presenting Statistics]] |
| − | * Sampling | + | * [[Sampling]] |
| − | * Concepts in sampling | + | * [[Concepts in sampling]] |
| − | * Statistical Tests | + | * [[Statistical Tests]] |
| − | * Significance and Confidence | + | * [[Significance and Confidence]] |
| − | * Confidence Intervals | + | * [[Confidence Intervals ]] |
| − | * Significant probability to be different from the expected | + | * [[Significant probability to be different from the expected ]] |
| − | * The idea of Statistical Inference | + | * [[The idea of Statistical Inference]] |
Revision as of 20:25, 17 December 2022
Welcome to FEMWIKI
The Field Epidemiology Manual was originally developed by the ECDC to support the European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET). Trainers, supervisors, scientific coordinators, and facilitators created draft chapters using the lectures they delivered during the EPIET introductory course. The philosophy of sharing and building knowledge (in particular training materials) led to the creation of a collaborative information space for the epidemiological training community - The FEM Wiki.
Eventually, the ECDC decommissioned the FEM Wiki and archived the last version as a PDF. Since FEM Wiki content was developed under Creative Commons, the Dutch Public Health Learning Support Company Transmissible decided to reinstall the Field Epidemiology manual as it was intended: a professional collaborative platform.
The aim of the FEM Wiki is to create a library of training materials for field epidemiology training programs.
Article Portal
- Assessing the burden of disease and risk assessment
- Methods for setting thresholds in time series analysis
- Smoothing techniques for describing time series
- Spatial Analysis (Geographical Information Systems)
- Classifying and Measuring Risk
- Identifying Risk
- Stage 0: Preparation for rapid risk assessment
- Stage 1: Collecting event information
- Stage 2: Systematically collecting information
- Stage 3: Extracting relevant evidence
- Stage 4: Appraising evidence
- Stage 5; Estimating the risk
- Surveillance - Principles
- Criteria for Surveillance
- Event-based Surveillance
- Indicator-based Surveillance
- Establishing a Surveillance System
- Analysis of Surveillance Data
- Analysis, Interpretation and Dissemination
- Quality checking
- Common errors in surveillance data analysis
- Evaluation of Surveillance Systems
- 10 common errors in surveillance evaluations
- Quality, Governance and Operating Procedures
- Surveillance attributes for evaluation
- capture-recapture
- Sources and Types of Data
- Types of Surveillance System (Active vs Passive)
- Surveillance System Design and Operation
- Uses of Surveillance Data
- Objectives of Surveillance – Inputs and Outputs
- Opportunities and Challenges
- Surveillance or Research?
- The Components of Surveillance
- The Role of Surveillance
- Field Epidemiology
- Combining Studies: Meta-Analysis
- Key definitions in infectious diseases epidemiology
- Measurement in Field Epidemiology
- Cluster Investigations
- Statistical Methods for Cluster Investigation
- Types of Cluster
- Getting Measurement Right
- Measures of association
- Measures of Disease Impact
- Impact numbers
- [[Measures of disease impact - Further reading ]
- Measures of impact among the exposed
- Measures of impact in the population
- Quantifying disease burden
- Measures of Disease Occurrence
- Attack rates and case fatality
- Incidence rate
- Odds
- Probability
- Prevalence
- Relation between risk and incidence rate
- Risks and Rates
- Problems with Measurement
- Bias
- Detection Bias
- Effect Modification and Confounding
- [[Confounding in studies
- Criteria for confounding
- Dose Effect
- Effect Modification
- Interaction
- Residual Confounding
- Information (Measurement) Bias
- Interviewer Bias
- Recall Bias
- Reporting Bias
- Response Bias
- Preventing bias
- Selection Bias
- Selection bias and case-control studies
- Ascertainment Bias
- Diagnostic bias
- Non-response bias
- Referral bias
- Survival bias
- Selection bias and cohort studies
- Testing the Tests
- Diagnostic tests versus screening test
- Glossary
- Parallel versus Serial testing
- Receiver operating curve
- Test Precision
- Test reliability
- Test Reproducibility
- Threshold setting
- Validity and accuracy
- Methods in Field Epidemiology
- Scientific (evidence base for prevention)
- Causal Inference
- Causal mechanisms
- Viewpoints for Causality (Bradford Hill)
- Types of Study
- Analytical Study Designs
- Advantages and disadvantages of cohort and case control studies
- Case-control studies
- Case-cohort study
- Density case control studies
- Table measuring risk, rate and odds ratio
- Traditional case-control studies
- Choosing a Reference Group
- Control Selection
- Developing a control definition
- Special Considerations in Control Selection
- Cohort studies
- Measuring incidence rates
- Measuring risk
- Reference group for cohort studies
- Cross-sectional Studies
- Matching
- Advantages and disadvantages of matching
- Principles of matching
- Restriction
- Table format and Analysis
- Measures of effect in various study designs
- [[Non-traditional designs
- Case cross over studies
- Case to case study design
- Descriptive Studies
- Experimental Studies
- Outbreak Investigations
- Case definitions for outbreak assessment
- Case Definitions
- Defining a Case
- Sensitivity and Specificity of a case definition
- Various Levels of Case Definition
- Confirm the outbreak
- Types of Outbreak
- Continuing Source
- Distinguishing Different Sources or Modes of Transmission during an outbreak
- Identifying Multiple Possible Outbreak Sources
- Person to Person
- Point Source
- Refining the estimated point in time of an outbreak source
- Incubation period, Latent period and Generation time
- Unmasking Outbreak Source through Segmentation
- Vector Borne
- Describe the outbreak
- Construction of Epidemic Curves
- Diagnostic Applications of the Epidemic Curve
- Disentangling Complex Data
- Use of Epidemic Curves for characterising Outbreak Sources
- Informing Action / Improving Knowledge
- Additional resources for presenting findings
- Choosing a method of data display
- Communication of findings
- To professionals
- Definition of an Outbreak Investigation Report
- Frequent Problems with writing an Outbreak Investigation Report
- Structure of an Outbreak Investigation Report
- Writing an Outbreak Investigation Report
- Writing style of an Outbreak Investigation Report
- SOCO (single over-riding communications objective)
- To Public and the Media
- Graphs, charts, diagrams
- Bar graphs
- Frequency polygons
- Histograms
- Line graphs
- Other types of data display
- Pie charts
- Interpreting Data
- Maps
- Presenting Data
- Tables
- Types of variables and line listing
- Use of computers
- Investigations in Special Circumstances
- Disasters and Emergencies
- Health care settings
- Possible Terrorist / Deliberate Event
- Prisons
- Schools
- Outbreak investigations: 10 steps, 10 pitfalls
- Outbreak steps : additional points
- Rationale for Outbreak Investigations
- Public health response (informing control)
- The outbreak management team
- Formal Risk Assessment
- Health Economics
- Cost-effectiveness
- Cost-minimisation
- Cost-utility
- Measuring the Quality of Healthcare
- Sensitivity Analysis
- Screening
- Evaluation of Screening
- Measures of Accuracy in Screening
- Principles of Screening
- General Communication
- Aide memoire for oral presentations and visual aids
- Health communication
- Crisis communication
- Health advocacy
- Health education
- Health literacy
- Outbreak communication
- Risk communication
- Social marketing
- Writing a Study Protocol
- Analysing a public health problem
- SMART definitions
- Checklist for study protocols
- Data collection instrument
- Questionnaire Design
- Advantages and Disadvantages of Questionnaires
- Bias in Questionnaires
- Hints to Design a Good Questionnaire
- Questionnaire Layout and Coding
- Seven Golden Rules to Design Questions
- Piloting Questionnaires
- Ten Steps to Design a Questionnaire
- Types of Questionnaires
- Types of Questions
- Format of closed questions
- Validated questionnaires
- Writing for Publications
- Checklist for posters
- Scientific paper review form
- Writing for Stakeholders
- Infection control and hospital hygiene
- Antimicrobial stewardship
- Healthcare-associated infection prevention and control as a part of patient safety programme
- Healthcare-associated infection prevention and control programme
- Cooperative learning as active learning in adult
- Education and training of staff
- Healthcare-associated infections and risk assessment
- Burden of HAIs
- Main pathogens and resistance
- Antimicrobial resistance
- Acquired resistance
- Mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance
- Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO)
- Types of HAIs
- CAUTI
- CLABSI
- SSI
- VAP
- [[Infection control interventions
- Cohorting patients and/or staff
- Contact precautions
- Developing infection control interventions: isolation
- Environment as a source of healthcare-associated infections
- Hand hygiene
- Gloves and hand hygiene
- Hand hygiene - principles
- Five moments for hand hygiene
- Hand hygiene before invasive procedures
- Hand hygiene for patients and visitors
- Indications for hand hygiene
- Hand hygiene education and promotion
- Hand hygiene methods
- Hand hygiene products selection and evaluation
- Aesthetic preferences
- Evaluation of the microbicidal activities of hand-rub and hand-wash agents
- Pilot testing
- Product accessibility and cost
- Selection and evaluation for specific products
- Microbial flora of the hands
- Nails, rings, watches, bracelets
- Skin care
- Hospital cleaning and decontamination
- Immunization of health care workers
- Isolation of patients with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI)
- Methods for assessing environmental cleanliness
- Microbial typing
- Molecular epidemiology
- Pre-emptive isolation
- Reprocessing of flexible endoscopes
- Standard precautions
- The role of the clinical microbiology laboratory in infection prevention and control
- Clinical role of the microbiology laboratory
- Epidemiological/public health role of the clinical microbiology laboratory
- Surveillance and investigation of healthcare-associated infections
- Case definitions of healthcare infections
- HAI case definitions for use in hospitals
- Bloodstream Infection
- Bone and Joint Infection
- Cardiovascular System Infection
- Catheter-Related Infection
- Central Nervous System Infection
- Eye, Ear, Nose or Mouth Infection
- Gastrointestinal System Infections
- Lower Respiratory Tract Infection other than pneumonia
- Pneumonia
- Reproductive Tract Infections
- Skin and Soft Tissue Infections
- Specific Neonatal Case definitions
- Surgical Site Infection
- Systemic Infections
- Urinary Tract Infection
- European surveillance of healthcare-associated infections
- ECDC PPS in acute care hospitals
- ECDC PPS in European acute care hospitals protocol
- ECDC PPS in European acute care hospitals, definition of HAI
- ECDC PPS - antimicrobial use definition
- ECDC PPS - inclusion/exclusion criteria
- ECDC point prevalence survey of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use in long term care facilities
- ECDC surveillance of Surgical Site Infections
- HAI Surveillance at the EU level - importance of international networks
- ECDC Programme on antimicrobial resistance and healthcare-associated infections
- European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net)
- European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption Network (ESAC-Net)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections Network (HAI-Net)
- Surveillance of Clostridium difficile infections
- Surveillance of HAIs in intensive care units
- The European Surveillance System (TESSy)
- Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections - definition
- Surveillance methodologies for healthcare associated infections
- Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections - other approaches
- Surveillance for MV Patients in the ICU
- Introduction to Public Health and basic concepts
- Public Health Informatics
- Apps for epidemiologists
- Data Capture Systems
- Electronic Data Transfer
- Online Reporting
- Web-crawling Applications
- Health Informatics Standards – general introduction
- Health Informatics Standards - Health Information Systems and Processes
- Health Informatics Standards - Standard Content
- Software for epidemiologists
- Weblinks for epidemiologists
- Public Health Interventions
- Contact tracing
- Host
- Prevention
- Hygiene and Sanitation
- Primary prevention
- Vaccination
- Herd immunity
- Measuring protection
- Secondary prevention
- Tertiary prevention
- Reservoir for infectious agents
- Source of infection
- Transmission routes
- Public Health Law
- Brief history of International Communicable Disease Law
- EU Public Health Legislation
- Decision 1082/2013/EU: Serious cross border health threat
- Some key recitals under 1082
- EU Food Safety Legislation
- EU Legislation for Communicable Diseases Surveillance
- International Health Regulations 2005 edition
- Applying Epidemiology for the International Health Regulations.
- Public Health Microbiology
- Applied Immunology
- Antibodies
- Antigen presenting cells (APC)
- Antigens (Ag)
- How pathogens try to trick our defenses
- Helminthic mechanisms of immune evasion
- Mechanism of infectious disease
- What determines our susceptibility to infections?
- Practical Aspects of Specimen Collection and Shipment
- The Role of Microbiology
- Bioinformatics
- Expert Advice
- Laboratory Support
- Types of Microorganisms
- Public Health Programs
- Statistical Concepts
- Models
- Logistic Regression
- Estimating Odds Ratios in the presence of interaction
- Fitting logistic regression models
- Interpreting model coefficients
- Linear models
- Model building strategies
- The logistic model
- Stratified Analysis
- The Mantel Haenszel Method
- Power and Sample Size
- Presenting Statistics
- Sampling
- Concepts in sampling
- Statistical Tests
- Significance and Confidence
- Confidence Intervals
- Significant probability to be different from the expected
- The idea of Statistical Inference
