Difference between revisions of "FEM-WIKI"

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<strong>Welcome to FEMWIKI</strong>
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= '''Field Epidemiology Manual''' =
  
The Field Epidemiology Manual was originally developed by the ECDC to support the European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET). Trainers, supervisors, scientific coordinators, and facilitators created draft chapters using the lectures they delivered during the EPIET introductory course. The philosophy of sharing and building knowledge (in particular training materials) led to the creation of a collaborative information space for the epidemiological training community - The FEM Wiki.
+
The Field Epidemiology Manual was originally developed in 2007 by the [http://ecdc.europa.eu ECDC] and the City eHealth Research Centre (CeRC - City University, London) <Ref>KOSTKOVA, Patty; SZOMSZOR, Martin. The FEM Wiki Project: A Conversion of a Training Resource for Field Epidemiologists into a Collaborative Web 2.0 Portal. In: Electronic Healthcare: Third International Conference, eHealth 2010, Casablanca, Morocco, December 13-15, 2010, Revised Selected Papers 3. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. p. 119-126.</ref>, <Ref>KOSTKOVA, Patty; PRIKAZSKY, Vladimir; BOSMAN, Arnold. FEMwiki: Crowdsourcing Semantic Taxonomy and Wiki Input Todomain Experts While Keeping Editorial Control: Mission Possible! In: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Digital Health 2015. 2015. p. 27-34.</ref> to support the European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training ([https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/epiet-euphem EPIET]). Trainers, supervisors, scientific coordinators, and facilitators created draft chapters using the lectures they delivered during the EPIET introductory course. The philosophy of sharing and building knowledge (in particular training materials) led to creation of a collaborative information space for the epidemiological training community - The FEM Wiki.
  
Eventually, the ECDC decommissioned the FEM Wiki and archived the last version as a PDF. Since FEM Wiki content was developed under Creative Commons, the Dutch Public Health Learning Support Company Transmissible decided to reinstall the Field Epidemiology manual as it was intended: a professional collaborative platform.
+
Eventually, the ECDC decommissioned the FEM Wiki in 2022 and archived the last version as a [https://eva.ecdc.europa.eu/mod/resource/view.php?id=23002 PDF]. Since FEM Wiki content was developed under [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ Creative Commons], the Dutch Public Health Learning Support Company [https://Transmissible.eu Transmissible] decided to reinstall the Field Epidemiology manual as it was intended: a professional collaborative platform.
  
The aim of the FEM Wiki is to create a library of training materials for field epidemiology training programs.
+
The FEMWiki aims to create a library of training materials for field epidemiologists.
  
 +
FEM Wiki is an open information-sharing platform for all professionals and the lay public interested in public health. It is hosted and funded by ECDC. Platform users provide the content of FEM Wiki and do not necessarily represent the official opinion of Transmissible BV. By contributing content to FEMWIKI, users agree to the conditions described under [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ Creative Commons] and FEM Wiki users’ [[FEM Users code of conduct|code of conduct]].
  
<strong>Article Portal</strong>
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Though this platform does not allow as many community activities besides maintaining the Field Epidemiology Manual, we have created an [[Talk:FEM-WIKI|open marketplace where users can discuss and exchange views]]: click on the 'Discussion' tab above. The FEMWIKI is organised into five main volumes. Below is a portal with links to each volume's main articles.
  
Assessing the burden of disease and risk assessment
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<div style="display: inline-block; width: 30%; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #000; padding: 10px; margin: 5px;">
Descriptive data analysis
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'''Methods Portal'''
Analysis by person characteristics
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<categorytree mode="all">Assessing the burden of disease and risk assessment</categorytree>
Analysis by place characteristics
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<categorytree mode="all">Statistical Concepts</categorytree>
Choosing an appropriate type of map
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</div>
Which indicator to map?
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<div style="display: inline-block; width: 30%; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #000; padding: 10px; margin: 5px;">
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'''Public Health Portal'''
Analysis by time characteristics
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<categorytree mode="all">Introduction to Public Health and basic concepts</categorytree>
Methods for setting thresholds in time series analysis
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<categorytree mode="all">General Communication</categorytree>
Smoothing techniques for describing time series
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</div>
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<div style="display: inline-block; width: 30%; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #000; padding: 10px; margin: 5px;">
Spatial Analysis (Geographical Information Systems)
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'''Infection Control'''
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<categorytree mode="all">Infection control and hospital hygiene</categorytree>
Epidemic Intelligence
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</div>
Rapid Risk Assessment
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Classifying and Measuring Risk
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=References=
Identifying Risk
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<References/>
Stage 0: Preparation for rapid risk assessment
 
Stage 1: Collecting event information
 
Stage 2: Systematically collecting information
 
Stage 3: Extracting relevant evidence
 
Stage 4: Appraising evidence
 
Stage 5; Estimating the risk
 
 
Surveillance - Principles
 
Criteria for Surveillance
 
Event-based Surveillance
 
Indicator-based Surveillance
 
Establishing a Surveillance System
 
Analysis of Surveillance Data
 
Analysis, Interpretation and Dissemination
 
Quality checking
 
 
Common errors in surveillance data analysis
 
Evaluation of Surveillance Systems
 
10 common errors in surveillance evaluations
 
Quality, Governance and Operating Procedures
 
Surveillance attributes for evaluation
 
capture-recapture
 
 
 
Sources and Types of Data
 
Types of Surveillance System (Active vs Passive)
 
Surveillance System Design and Operation
 
 
 
Uses of Surveillance Data
 
 
Objectives of Surveillance – Inputs and Outputs
 
Opportunities and Challenges
 
Surveillance or Research?
 
The Components of Surveillance
 
The Role of Surveillance
 
 
 
Field Epidemiology
 
Combining Studies: Meta-Analysis
 
Key definitions in infectious diseases epidemiology
 
Measurement in Field Epidemiology
 
Cluster Investigations
 
Statistical Methods for Cluster Investigation
 
Types of Cluster
 
 
Getting Measurement Right
 
Measures of association
 
Measures of Disease Impact
 
Impact numbers
 
Measures of disease impact - Further reading
 
Measures of impact among the exposed
 
Measures of impact in the population
 
Quantifying disease burden
 
 
Measures of Disease Occurrence
 
Attack rates and case fatality
 
Incidence rate
 
Odds
 
Probability
 
 
Prevalence
 
Relation between risk and incidence rate
 
Risks and Rates
 
 
Problems with Measurement
 
Bias
 
Detection Bias
 
Effect Modification and Confounding
 
Confounding in studies
 
Criteria for confounding
 
Dose Effect
 
Effect Modification
 
Interaction
 
Residual Confounding
 
 
Information (Measurement) Bias
 
Interviewer Bias
 
Recall Bias
 
Reporting Bias
 
Response Bias
 
 
Preventing bias
 
Selection Bias
 
Selection bias and case-control studies
 
Ascertainment Bias
 
Diagnostic bias
 
Non-response bias
 
Referral bias
 
Survival bias
 
 
Selection bias and cohort studies
 
 
 
 
Testing the Tests
 
Diagnostic tests versus screening tests
 
Glossary
 
Parallel versus Serial testing
 
Receiver operating curve
 
Test Precision
 
Test reliability
 
Test Reproducibility
 
Threshold setting
 
Validity and accuracy
 
 
 
Methods in Field Epidemiology
 
Scientific (evidence base for prevention)
 
Causal Inference
 
Causal mechanisms
 
Viewpoints for Causality (Bradford Hill)
 
 
 
Types of Study
 
Analytical Study Designs
 
Advantages and disadvantages of cohort and case control studies
 
Case-control studies
 
Case-cohort study
 
Density case control studies
 
Table measuring risk, rate and odds ratio
 
Traditional case-control studies
 
 
Choosing a Reference Group
 
Control Selection
 
Developing a control definition
 
Special Considerations in Control Selection
 
 
Cohort studies
 
Measuring incidence rates
 
Measuring risk
 
Reference group for cohort studies
 
 
Cross-sectional Studies
 
Matching
 
Advantages and disadvantages of matching
 
Principles of matching
 
Restriction
 
Table format and Analysis
 
 
Measures of effect in various study designs
 
Non-traditional designs
 
Case cross over studies
 
Case to case study design
 
 
 
Descriptive Studies
 
Experimental Studies
 
 
 
Outbreak Investigations
 
Case definitions for outbreak assessment  
 
Case Definitions
 
Defining a Case
 
Sensitivity and Specificity of a case definition
 
Various Levels of Case Definition
 
 
 
Confirm the outbreak
 
Types of Outbreak
 
Continuing Source
 
Distinguishing Different Sources or Modes of Transmission during an outbreak
 
Identifying Multiple Possible Outbreak Sources
 
Person to Person
 
Point Source
 
Refining the estimated point in time of an outbreak source
 
Incubation period, Latent period and Generation time.
 
 
Unmasking Outbreak Source through Segmentation
 
Vector Borne
 
 
 
Describe the outbreak
 
Construction of Epidemic Curves
 
Diagnostic Applications of the Epidemic Curve
 
Disentangling Complex Data
 
Use of Epidemic Curves for characterising Outbreak Sources
 
 
 
Informing Action / Improving Knowledge
 
Additional resources for presenting findings
 
Choosing a method of data display  
 
Communication of findings
 
To professionals
 
Definition of an Outbreak Investigation Report
 
Frequent Problems with writing an Outbreak Investigation Report
 
Structure of an Outbreak Investigation Report
 
Writing an Outbreak Investigation Report
 
Writing style of an Outbreak Investigation Report
 
SOCO (single over-riding communications objective)
 
 
 
To Public and the Media
 
 
Graphs, charts, diagrams
 
Bar graphs
 
Frequency polygons
 
Histograms
 
Line graphs
 
Other types of data display
 
Pie charts
 
 
Interpreting Data
 
Maps
 
Presenting Data
 
Tables
 
Types of variables and line listing
 
Use of computers
 
 
Investigations in Special Circumstances
 
Disasters and Emergencies
 
Health care settings
 
Possible Terrorist / Deliberate Event
 
Prisons
 
Schools
 
 
Outbreak investigations: 10 steps, 10 pitfalls
 
Outbreak steps : additional points
 
Rationale for Outbreak Investigations
 
Public health response (informing control)
 
 
The outbreak management team
 
 
 
Formal Risk Assessment
 
Health Economics
 
Cost-effectiveness
 
Cost-minimisation
 
Cost-utility
 
Measuring the Quality of Healthcare
 
Sensitivity Analysis
 
 
Screening
 
Evaluation of Screening
 
Measures of Accuracy in Screening
 
Principles of Screening
 
 
 
General Communication
 
Aide memoire for oral presentations and visual aids
 
Health communication
 
Crisis communication
 
Health advocacy
 
Health education
 
Health literacy
 
Outbreak communication
 
Risk communication
 
Social marketing
 
 
Writing a Study Protocol
 
Analysing a public health problem
 
SMART definitions
 
 
Checklist for study protocols
 
Data collection instrument
 
Questionnaire Design
 
Advantages and Disadvantages of Questionnaires
 
Bias in Questionnaires
 
Hints to Design a Good Questionnaire
 
Questionnaire Layout and Coding
 
Seven Golden Rules to Design Questions
 
 
Piloting Questionnaires
 
Ten Steps to Design a Questionnaire
 
Types of Questionnaires
 
Types of Questions
 
Format of closed questions
 
 
Validated questionnaires
 
 
 
Writing for Publications
 
Checklist for posters
 
Scientific paper review form
 
 
Writing for Stakeholders
 
 
Infection control and hospital hygiene
 
Antimicrobial stewardship
 
Healthcare-associated infection prevention and control as a part of patient safety programme
 
Healthcare-associated infection prevention and control programme
 
Cooperative learning as active learning in adult
 
Education and training of staff
 
 
Healthcare-associated infections and risk assessment
 
Burden of HAIs
 
Main pathogens and resistance
 
Antimicrobial resistance.
 
Acquired resistance
 
Mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance
 
 
Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO)
 
 
Types of HAIs
 
CAUTI
 
CLABSI
 
SSI
 
VAP
 
 
 
Infection control interventions
 
Cohorting patients and/or staff
 
Contact precautions
 
Developing infection control interventions: isolation
 
Environment as a source of healthcare-associated infections
 
Hand hygiene
 
Gloves and hand hygiene
 
Hand hygiene - principles
 
Five moments for hand hygiene
 
Hand hygiene before invasive procedures
 
Hand hygiene for patients and visitors
 
Indications for hand hygiene
 
 
Hand hygiene education and promotion
 
Hand hygiene methods
 
Hand hygiene products selection and evaluation
 
Aesthetic preferences
 
Evaluation of the microbicidal activities of hand-rub and hand-wash agents
 
Pilot testing
 
Product accessibility and cost
 
Selection and evaluation for specific products
 
 
Microbial flora of the hands
 
Nails, rings, watches, bracelets
 
Skin care
 
 
Hospital cleaning and decontamination
 
Immunization of health care workers
 
Isolation of patients with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI)
 
Methods for assessing environmental cleanliness
 
Microbial typing
 
Molecular epidemiology
 
Pre-emptive isolation
 
Reprocessing of flexible endoscopes
 
Standard precautions
 
The role of the clinical microbiology laboratory in infection prevention and control
 
Clinical role of the microbiology laboratory.
 
Epidemiological/public health role of the clinical microbiology laboratory
 
 
 
Surveillance and investigation of healthcare-associated infections
 
Case definitions of healthcare infections
 
HAI case definitions for use in hospitals
 
Bloodstream Infection
 
Bone and Joint Infection
 
Cardiovascular System Infection
 
Catheter-Related Infection
 
Central Nervous System Infection
 
Eye, Ear, Nose or Mouth Infection
 
Gastrointestinal System Infections
 
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection other than pneumonia
 
Pneumonia
 
Reproductive Tract Infections
 
Skin and Soft Tissue Infections
 
Specific Neonatal Case definitions
 
Surgical Site Infection
 
Systemic Infections
 
Urinary Tract Infection
 
 
 
European surveillance of healthcare-associated infections
 
ECDC point prevalence survey of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use in acute care hospitals
 
ECDC “Point prevalence survey of healthcare associated infections and antimicrobial use in European acute care hospitals” protocol
 
ECDC “Point prevalence survey of healthcare associated infections and antimicrobial use in European acute care hospitals”, definition of healthcare-associated infection
 
ECDC PPS - antimicrobial use definition
 
ECDC PPS - inclusion/exclusion criteria
 
 
 
ECDC point prevalence survey of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use in long term care facilities
 
ECDC surveillance of Surgical Site Infections
 
HAI Surveillance at the EU level - importance of international networks
 
ECDC Programme on antimicrobial resistance and healthcare-associated infections
 
European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net)
 
European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption Network (ESAC-Net)
 
Healthcare-Associated Infections Network (HAI-Net)
 
 
Surveillance of Clostridium difficile infections
 
Surveillance of HAIs in intensive care units
 
The European Surveillance System (TESSy)
 
 
Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections - definition
 
Surveillance methodologies for healthcare associated infections
 
 
Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections - other approaches
 
Surveillance for MV Patients in the ICU
 
 
 
 
Introduction to Public Health and basic concepts  
 
Public Health Informatics
 
Apps for epidemiologists
 
Data Capture Systems
 
Electronic Data Transfer
 
Online Reporting
 
Web-crawling Applications
 
 
Health Informatics Standards – general introduction
 
Health Informatics Standards - Health Information Systems and Processes
 
Health Informatics Standards - Standard Content
 
 
Software for epidemiologists
 
Weblinks for epidemiologists
 
 
Public Health Interventions
 
Contact tracing
 
Host
 
Prevention
 
Hygiene and Sanitation
 
Primary prevention
 
Vaccination
 
Herd immunity
 
Measuring protection
 
 
 
Secondary prevention
 
Tertiary prevention
 
 
Reservoir for infectious agents
 
Source of infection
 
Transmission routes
 
 
Public Health Law
 
Brief history of International Communicable Disease Law
 
EU Public Health Legislation
 
Decision 1082/2013/EU: Serious cross border health threat
 
Some key recitals under 1082
 
 
EU Food Safety Legislation
 
EU Legislation for Communicable Diseases Surveillance
 
 
International Health Regulations 2005 edition
 
Applying Epidemiology for the International Health Regulations.
 
 
 
Public Health Microbiology
 
Applied Immunology
 
Antibodies
 
Antigen presenting cells (APC)
 
Antigens (Ag)
 
How pathogens try to trick our defenses
 
Helminthic mechanisms of immune evasion
 
 
Mechanism of infectious disease
 
What determines our susceptibility to infections?
 
 
Practical Aspects of Specimen Collection and Shipment
 
The Role of Microbiology
 
Bioinformatics
 
Expert Advice
 
Laboratory Support
 
 
Types of Microorganisms
 
 
Public Health Programs
 
 
Statistical Concepts
 
Models
 
Logistic Regression
 
Estimating Odds Ratios in the presence of interaction
 
Fitting logistic regression models
 
Interpreting model coefficients
 
Linear models
 
Model building strategies
 
The logistic model
 
 
Stratified Analysis
 
The Mantel Haenszel Method
 
 
 
Power and Sample Size
 
Presenting Statistics
 
Sampling
 
Concepts in sampling
 
 
Statistical Tests
 
Significance and Confidence
 
Confidence Intervals
 
Significant probability to be different from the expected
 
The idea of Statistical Inference
 

Latest revision as of 14:11, 3 June 2023

Field Epidemiology Manual

The Field Epidemiology Manual was originally developed in 2007 by the ECDC and the City eHealth Research Centre (CeRC - City University, London) [1], [2] to support the European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET). Trainers, supervisors, scientific coordinators, and facilitators created draft chapters using the lectures they delivered during the EPIET introductory course. The philosophy of sharing and building knowledge (in particular training materials) led to creation of a collaborative information space for the epidemiological training community - The FEM Wiki.

Eventually, the ECDC decommissioned the FEM Wiki in 2022 and archived the last version as a PDF. Since FEM Wiki content was developed under Creative Commons, the Dutch Public Health Learning Support Company Transmissible decided to reinstall the Field Epidemiology manual as it was intended: a professional collaborative platform.

The FEMWiki aims to create a library of training materials for field epidemiologists.

FEM Wiki is an open information-sharing platform for all professionals and the lay public interested in public health. It is hosted and funded by ECDC. Platform users provide the content of FEM Wiki and do not necessarily represent the official opinion of Transmissible BV. By contributing content to FEMWIKI, users agree to the conditions described under Creative Commons and FEM Wiki users’ code of conduct.

Though this platform does not allow as many community activities besides maintaining the Field Epidemiology Manual, we have created an open marketplace where users can discuss and exchange views: click on the 'Discussion' tab above. The FEMWIKI is organised into five main volumes. Below is a portal with links to each volume's main articles.

Methods Portal

Public Health Portal

Infection Control

References

  1. KOSTKOVA, Patty; SZOMSZOR, Martin. The FEM Wiki Project: A Conversion of a Training Resource for Field Epidemiologists into a Collaborative Web 2.0 Portal. In: Electronic Healthcare: Third International Conference, eHealth 2010, Casablanca, Morocco, December 13-15, 2010, Revised Selected Papers 3. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. p. 119-126.
  2. KOSTKOVA, Patty; PRIKAZSKY, Vladimir; BOSMAN, Arnold. FEMwiki: Crowdsourcing Semantic Taxonomy and Wiki Input Todomain Experts While Keeping Editorial Control: Mission Possible! In: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Digital Health 2015. 2015. p. 27-34.

Contributors