Difference between revisions of "Surveillance methodologies for healthcare associated infections"
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:* active: trained personnel use various data sources to identify events; | :* active: trained personnel use various data sources to identify events; | ||
:* passive: non-trained personnel identify and report events to infection prevention and control personnel. | :* passive: non-trained personnel identify and report events to infection prevention and control personnel. | ||
| − | + | ;Prospective or retrospective: | |
| − | + | :* prospective: monitoring patients while still in the institution; includes post-discharge period for SSI: | |
| − | + | :** visibility of infection control practitioner on wards (if active surveillance); | |
| − | + | :** timely analysis and feedback; | |
| − | + | :** labour intensive, costly; | |
| − | + | :* retrospective: case-finding based solely on chart review after patient discharged. | |
| − | + | ; Patient-based or laboratory-based: | |
| − | + | :* patient-based: monitoring patients for events, risk factors, and procedures and practices related to patient care: | |
| − | + | :** requires ward/unit rounds; | |
| − | + | :** includes discussions with caregivers/ physicians; | |
| − | + | :* laboratory-based: case-finding based solely on positive laboratory findings: | |
| − | + | :** events may be missed; | |
| − | + | :** colonization. | |
| − | + | ; Incidence or prevalence: | |
| − | + | :* incidence: measure new events occurring during some defined time period; | |
| − | + | :* prevalence: measure all events occurring at either a point in time or during some defined time period. | |
| − | + | ; Priority-directed (targeted) or comprehensive: | |
| − | + | :* priority-directed: Objectives for surveillance are defined and focused on specific events and/or patients: | |
| − | + | :** usually less resource intensive/costly; | |
| − | + | :* comprehensive: continuous monitoring of all patients for all events: | |
| − | + | :** facility-wide; | |
| − | + | :** usually more resource intensive/costly. | |
| − | + | ; Risk-adjusted or crude: | |
| − | + | :* risk-adjusted: Rates are controlled for variations the distribution of major risk factor(s) associated with an event’s occurrence: | |
| − | + | :** comparison of rates possible; | |
| − | + | :* crude: Rates assume equal distribution of risk factors for all events: | |
| − | + | :** comparison of rates not possible. | |
==Link to European IC/HH Core Competencies== | ==Link to European IC/HH Core Competencies== | ||
Revision as of 20:26, 8 April 2023
Healthcare-associated infection surveillance methodologies.
- Active or passive
-
- active: trained personnel use various data sources to identify events;
- passive: non-trained personnel identify and report events to infection prevention and control personnel.
- Prospective or retrospective
-
- prospective: monitoring patients while still in the institution; includes post-discharge period for SSI:
- visibility of infection control practitioner on wards (if active surveillance);
- timely analysis and feedback;
- labour intensive, costly;
- retrospective: case-finding based solely on chart review after patient discharged.
- prospective: monitoring patients while still in the institution; includes post-discharge period for SSI:
- Patient-based or laboratory-based
-
- patient-based: monitoring patients for events, risk factors, and procedures and practices related to patient care:
- requires ward/unit rounds;
- includes discussions with caregivers/ physicians;
- laboratory-based: case-finding based solely on positive laboratory findings:
- events may be missed;
- colonization.
- patient-based: monitoring patients for events, risk factors, and procedures and practices related to patient care:
- Incidence or prevalence
-
- incidence: measure new events occurring during some defined time period;
- prevalence: measure all events occurring at either a point in time or during some defined time period.
- Priority-directed (targeted) or comprehensive
-
- priority-directed: Objectives for surveillance are defined and focused on specific events and/or patients:
- usually less resource intensive/costly;
- comprehensive: continuous monitoring of all patients for all events:
- facility-wide;
- usually more resource intensive/costly.
- priority-directed: Objectives for surveillance are defined and focused on specific events and/or patients:
- Risk-adjusted or crude
-
- risk-adjusted: Rates are controlled for variations the distribution of major risk factor(s) associated with an event’s occurrence:
- comparison of rates possible;
- crude: Rates assume equal distribution of risk factors for all events:
- comparison of rates not possible.
- risk-adjusted: Rates are controlled for variations the distribution of major risk factor(s) associated with an event’s occurrence:
Link to European IC/HH Core Competencies
- Area 3. Surveillance and investigation of healthcare associated infection (HAI)
References
- CDC Outline For Healthcare-Associated Infections Surveillance, 2006
- Perl TM, Chaiwarit R. Surveillance: An Overview. In: Lautenbach E, Woeltje KF, Malani PN Eds. Practical Healthcare Epidemiology, Ed. Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, USA, 2010:111-142
FEM PAGE CONTRIBUTORS 2007
- Contributor
- Vladimir Prikazsky
Root > Infection control and hospital hygiene > Surveillance and investigation of healthcare-associated infections > Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections - definition
