Difference between revisions of "Surveillance methodologies for healthcare associated infections"

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Healthcare associated infection surveillance methodologies.
 +
 +
* Active or passive:
 +
** active: trained personnel use various data sources to identify events;
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** passive: non-trained personnel identify and report events to infection prevention and control personnel.
 +
* Prospective or retrospective:
 +
** prospective: monitoring patients while still in the institution; includes post-discharge period for SSI:
 +
*** visibility of infection control practitioner on wards (if active surveillance);
 +
*** timely analysis and feedback;
 +
*** labour intensive, costly;
 +
** retrospective: case-finding based solely on chart review after patient discharged.
 +
* Patient-based or laboratory-based:
 +
** patient-based: monitoring patients for events, risk factors, and procedures and practices related to patient care:
 +
*** requires ward/unit rounds;
 +
*** includes discussions with caregivers/ physicians;
 +
** laboratory-based: case-finding based solely on positive laboratory  findings:
 +
*** events may be missed;
 +
*** colonization.
 +
* Incidence or prevalence:
 +
** incidence: measure new events occurring during some defined time period;
 +
** prevalence: measure all events occurring at either a point in time or during some defined time period.
 +
* Priority-directed (targeted) or comprehensive:
 +
** priority-directed: Objectives for surveillance are defined and focused on specific events and/or patients:
 +
*** usually less resource intensive/costly;
 +
** comprehensive: continuous monitoring of all patients for all events:
 +
*** facility-wide;
 +
*** usually more resource intensive/costly.
 +
* Risk-adjusted or crude:
 +
** risk-adjusted: Rates are controlled for variations the distribution of major risk factor(s) associated with an event’s occurrence:
 +
*** comparison of rates possible;
 +
** crude: Rates assume equal distribution of risk factors for all events:
 +
*** comparison of rates not possible.
 +
 +
==Link to European IC/HH Core Competencies==
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;Area 3. Surveillance and investigation of healthcare associated infection (HAI)
 +
 +
=References=
 +
* CDC Outline For Healthcare-Associated Infections Surveillance, 2006
 +
* Perl TM, Chaiwarit R. Surveillance: An Overview. In: Lautenbach E, Woeltje KF, Malani PN Eds. Practical Healthcare Epidemiology, Ed. Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, USA, 2010:111-142
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 +
==FEM PAGE CONTRIBUTORS 2007==
 +
;Contributor
 +
:Vladimir Prikazsky
  
  
 
[[Category:Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections - definition]]
 
[[Category:Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections - definition]]

Revision as of 20:24, 8 April 2023

Healthcare associated infection surveillance methodologies.

  • Active or passive:
    • active: trained personnel use various data sources to identify events;
    • passive: non-trained personnel identify and report events to infection prevention and control personnel.
  • Prospective or retrospective:
    • prospective: monitoring patients while still in the institution; includes post-discharge period for SSI:
      • visibility of infection control practitioner on wards (if active surveillance);
      • timely analysis and feedback;
      • labour intensive, costly;
    • retrospective: case-finding based solely on chart review after patient discharged.
  • Patient-based or laboratory-based:
    • patient-based: monitoring patients for events, risk factors, and procedures and practices related to patient care:
      • requires ward/unit rounds;
      • includes discussions with caregivers/ physicians;
    • laboratory-based: case-finding based solely on positive laboratory findings:
      • events may be missed;
      • colonization.
  • Incidence or prevalence:
    • incidence: measure new events occurring during some defined time period;
    • prevalence: measure all events occurring at either a point in time or during some defined time period.
  • Priority-directed (targeted) or comprehensive:
    • priority-directed: Objectives for surveillance are defined and focused on specific events and/or patients:
      • usually less resource intensive/costly;
    • comprehensive: continuous monitoring of all patients for all events:
      • facility-wide;
      • usually more resource intensive/costly.
  • Risk-adjusted or crude:
    • risk-adjusted: Rates are controlled for variations the distribution of major risk factor(s) associated with an event’s occurrence:
      • comparison of rates possible;
    • crude: Rates assume equal distribution of risk factors for all events:
      • comparison of rates not possible.

Link to European IC/HH Core Competencies

Area 3. Surveillance and investigation of healthcare associated infection (HAI)

References

  • CDC Outline For Healthcare-Associated Infections Surveillance, 2006
  • Perl TM, Chaiwarit R. Surveillance: An Overview. In: Lautenbach E, Woeltje KF, Malani PN Eds. Practical Healthcare Epidemiology, Ed. Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, USA, 2010:111-142

FEM PAGE CONTRIBUTORS 2007

Contributor
Vladimir Prikazsky
Retrieved from "https://femwiki.org/index.php?title=Surveillance_methodologies_for_healthcare_associated_infections&oldid=1547"

Contributors