Difference between revisions of "Table measuring risk, rate and odds ratio"

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! rowspan="3" | Measure
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! rowspan="3" | Definition
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! rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | Case Control   Formulation
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! rowspan="3" | Design
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! rowspan="3" | Controls sampled from
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| style="vertical-align:middle;" | 1-Risk  ratio
 
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| Case cohort
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| Total study population present at the beginning of the study
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| Controls sampled from
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| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:middle;" | 2-Rate ratio (incidence density ratio)
 
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| rowspan="3" | form 3
 
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| rowspan="3" | Density case-control
 
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| rowspan="3" | People at risk at the time of case disease onset
 
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| 2-Rate  ratio<br />    <br />    (incidence density ratio)
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| <br />  People at risk  at time of case disease onset
 
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| style="vertical-align:middle;" | 3-Odds  ratio
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| 3-Odds  ratio
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| form6
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| Traditional case-control
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| Traditional case control
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| People disease free throughout the study period
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| <br />  People disease   free throughout study period
 
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[[Category:Case-control studies]]
 
[[Category:Case-control studies]]

Revision as of 14:28, 8 April 2023

Cohort studies allow for directly measuring risk or rate of disease occurrence and their related ratio in subgroups of a population (exposed and unexposed). Case-control studies do not allow the measurement of risk or rates. They, however, allow the estimation of the risk ratio and the rate ratio. The selection of the control group is a crucial step of the study. The following table summarises the type of measures and control selection as described in the above chapter.

Measuring risk, rate and odds ratios in a case-control study, using various sampling methods for controls (Source: Rodrigues L et al. Int J Epidemiol. 1990;19:205-13)

Measure Definition Case Control Formulation Design
1-Risk ratio Case cohort Controls sampled from
2-Rate ratio

(incidence density ratio) 		Density case control
People at risk at time of case disease onset
3-Odds ratio Traditional case control
People disease free throughout study period
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