Difference between revisions of "Surveillance methodologies for healthcare associated infections"

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Healthcare-associated infection surveillance methodologies.
  
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;Active or passive:
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:* active: trained personnel use various data sources to identify events;
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:* passive: non-trained personnel identify and report events to infection prevention and control personnel.
 +
;Prospective or retrospective:
 +
:* prospective: monitoring patients while still in the institution; includes post-discharge period for SSI:
 +
:** visibility of infection control practitioner on wards (if active surveillance);
 +
:** timely analysis and feedback;
 +
:** labour intensive, costly;
 +
:* retrospective: case-finding based solely on chart review after patient discharged.
 +
; Patient-based or laboratory-based:
 +
:* patient-based: monitoring patients for events, risk factors, and procedures and practices related to patient care:
 +
:** requires ward/unit rounds;
 +
:** includes discussions with caregivers/ physicians;
 +
:* laboratory-based: case-finding based solely on positive laboratory  findings:
 +
:** events may be missed;
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:** colonization.
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; Incidence or prevalence:
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:* incidence: measure new events occurring during some defined time period;
 +
:* prevalence: measure all events occurring at either a point in time or during some defined time period.
 +
; Priority-directed (targeted) or comprehensive:
 +
:* priority-directed: Objectives for surveillance are defined and focused on specific events and/or patients:
 +
:** usually less resource intensive/costly;
 +
:* comprehensive: continuous monitoring of all patients for all events:
 +
:** facility-wide;
 +
:** usually more resource intensive/costly.
 +
; Risk-adjusted or crude:
 +
:* risk-adjusted: Rates are controlled for variations the distribution of major risk factor(s) associated with an event’s occurrence:
 +
:** comparison of rates possible;
 +
:* crude: Rates assume equal distribution of risk factors for all events:
 +
:** comparison of rates not possible.
 +
 +
==Link to European IC/HH Core Competencies==
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;Area 3. Surveillance and investigation of healthcare associated infection (HAI)
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=References=
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* CDC Outline For Healthcare-Associated Infections Surveillance, 2006
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* Perl TM, Chaiwarit R. Surveillance: An Overview. In: Lautenbach E, Woeltje KF, Malani PN Eds. Practical Healthcare Epidemiology, Ed. Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, USA, 2010:111-142
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<div style="display: inline-block; width: 25%; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #000; background-color: #d7effc; padding: 10px; margin: 5px;">
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'''FEM PAGE CONTRIBUTORS 2007'''
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;Contributor
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:Vladimir Prikazsky
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</div>
  
 
[[Category:Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections - definition]]
 
[[Category:Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections - definition]]

Latest revision as of 18:29, 10 April 2023

Healthcare-associated infection surveillance methodologies.

Active or passive
  • active: trained personnel use various data sources to identify events;
  • passive: non-trained personnel identify and report events to infection prevention and control personnel.
Prospective or retrospective
  • prospective: monitoring patients while still in the institution; includes post-discharge period for SSI:
    • visibility of infection control practitioner on wards (if active surveillance);
    • timely analysis and feedback;
    • labour intensive, costly;
  • retrospective: case-finding based solely on chart review after patient discharged.
Patient-based or laboratory-based
  • patient-based: monitoring patients for events, risk factors, and procedures and practices related to patient care:
    • requires ward/unit rounds;
    • includes discussions with caregivers/ physicians;
  • laboratory-based: case-finding based solely on positive laboratory findings:
    • events may be missed;
    • colonization.
Incidence or prevalence
  • incidence: measure new events occurring during some defined time period;
  • prevalence: measure all events occurring at either a point in time or during some defined time period.
Priority-directed (targeted) or comprehensive
  • priority-directed: Objectives for surveillance are defined and focused on specific events and/or patients:
    • usually less resource intensive/costly;
  • comprehensive: continuous monitoring of all patients for all events:
    • facility-wide;
    • usually more resource intensive/costly.
Risk-adjusted or crude
  • risk-adjusted: Rates are controlled for variations the distribution of major risk factor(s) associated with an event’s occurrence:
    • comparison of rates possible;
  • crude: Rates assume equal distribution of risk factors for all events:
    • comparison of rates not possible.

Link to European IC/HH Core Competencies

Area 3. Surveillance and investigation of healthcare associated infection (HAI)

References

  • CDC Outline For Healthcare-Associated Infections Surveillance, 2006
  • Perl TM, Chaiwarit R. Surveillance: An Overview. In: Lautenbach E, Woeltje KF, Malani PN Eds. Practical Healthcare Epidemiology, Ed. Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, USA, 2010:111-142

FEM PAGE CONTRIBUTORS 2007

Contributor
Vladimir Prikazsky
Retrieved from "https://femwiki.org/index.php?title=Surveillance_methodologies_for_healthcare_associated_infections&oldid=1597"

Contributors