Difference between revisions of "Table measuring risk, rate and odds ratio"

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{| class="wikitable" style="vertical-align:bottom;"
 
{| class="wikitable" style="vertical-align:bottom;"
 
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! rowspan="3" | Measure
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! Measure
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! rowspan="3" | Definition
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! Definition
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! rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | Case Control   Formulation
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! Case Control Formulation
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! rowspan="3" | Design
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! Design
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! rowspan="3" | Controls sampled from
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! Controls sampled from
 
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| 1-Risk  ratio
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|
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[[File:0121.Page11 row1c1.gif-550x0.png|200px|frameless]]
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|-
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|  
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| style="vertical-align:middle;" | 1-Risk  ratio
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[[File:8206.Page11 row1c2.gif-550x0.png|200px|frameless|left]]
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| form1
 
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| form2
 
 
| Case cohort
 
| Case cohort
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| Total study population present at the beginning of the study
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| Total study population present at beginning of study
 
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|-
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| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:middle;" | 2-Rate ratio (incidence density ratio)
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| 2-Rate   ratio<br />    <br />    (incidence density ratio)
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| rowspan="3" | form 3
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|  
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| rowspan="3" | dform4
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[[File:7380.Page11 row2c1.gif-550x0.png|200px|frameless|left]]
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| rowspan="3" | Density case-control
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|  
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| rowspan="3" | People at risk at the time of case disease onset
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[[File:8105.Page11 row2c2.gif-550x0.png|200px|frameless|left]]
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| Density case control
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| <br />  People at risk   at time of case disease onset
 
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|-
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| 3-Odds  ratio
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[[File:2450.Page11 row3c1.gif-550x0.png|200px|frameless|left]]
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[[File:7120.Page11 row3c2.gif-550x0.png|200px|frameless|left]]
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| Traditional case control (Exclusive)
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| <br />  People disease  free throughout study period
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|}
  
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|-
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Where:
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Ce=Cases exposed
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|-
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Cu=Cases unexposed
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| style="vertical-align:middle;" | 3-Odds  ratio
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Ne=Population exposed
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| form5
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Nu=Population unexposed
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| form6
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PTe=Person-time exposed
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| Traditional case-control
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PTu=Person-time unexposed
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| People disease free throughout the study period
 
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|}
 
  
 
[[Category:Case-control studies]]
 
[[Category:Case-control studies]]

Latest revision as of 14:46, 8 April 2023

Cohort studies allow for directly measuring risk or rate of disease occurrence and their related ratio in subgroups of a population (exposed and unexposed). Case-control studies do not allow the measurement of risk or rates. They, however, allow the estimation of the risk ratio and the rate ratio. The selection of the control group is a crucial step of the study. The following table summarises the type of measures and control selection as described in the above chapter.

Measuring risk, rate and odds ratios in a case-control study, using various sampling methods for controls (Source: Rodrigues L et al. Int J Epidemiol. 1990;19:205-13)

Measure Definition Case Control Formulation Design Controls sampled from
1-Risk ratio

0121.Page11 row1c1.gif-550x0.png

8206.Page11 row1c2.gif-550x0.png
 Case cohort Total study population present at beginning of study
2-Rate ratio

(incidence density ratio)
7380.Page11 row2c1.gif-550x0.png
8105.Page11 row2c2.gif-550x0.png
 Density case control
People at risk at time of case disease onset
3-Odds ratio
2450.Page11 row3c1.gif-550x0.png
7120.Page11 row3c2.gif-550x0.png
 Traditional case control (Exclusive)
People disease free throughout study period

Where: Ce=Cases exposed Cu=Cases unexposed Ne=Population exposed Nu=Population unexposed PTe=Person-time exposed PTu=Person-time unexposed

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