Difference between revisions of "Table measuring risk, rate and odds ratio"

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Cohort studies allow for directly measuring risk or rate of disease occurrence and their related ratio in subgroups of a population (exposed and unexposed). Case-control studies do not allow the measurement of risk or rates. They, however, allow the estimation of the risk ratio and the rate ratio. The selection of the control group is a crucial step of the study. The following table summarises the type of measures and control selection as described in the above chapter.
  
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Measuring risk, rate and odds ratios in a case-control study, using various sampling methods for controls (Source: Rodrigues L et al. Int J Epidemiol. 1990;19:205-13)
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{| class="wikitable" style="vertical-align:bottom;"
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|-
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! rowspan="3" | Measure
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! rowspan="3" | Definition
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! rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | Case Control  Formulation
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! rowspan="3" | Design
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! rowspan="3" | Controls sampled from
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|-
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|-
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|-
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| style="vertical-align:middle;" | 1-Risk  ratio
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| form1
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| form2
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| Case cohort
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| Total study population present at the beginning of the study
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|-
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| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:middle;" | 2-Rate ratio (incidence density ratio)
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| rowspan="3" | form 3
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| rowspan="3" | dform4
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| rowspan="3" | Density case-control
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| rowspan="3" | People at risk at the time of case disease onset
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|-
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|-
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|-
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| style="vertical-align:middle;" | 3-Odds  ratio
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| form5
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| form6
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| Traditional case-control
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| People disease free throughout the study period
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|}
  
 
[[Category:Case-control studies]]
 
[[Category:Case-control studies]]

Revision as of 08:44, 8 April 2023

Cohort studies allow for directly measuring risk or rate of disease occurrence and their related ratio in subgroups of a population (exposed and unexposed). Case-control studies do not allow the measurement of risk or rates. They, however, allow the estimation of the risk ratio and the rate ratio. The selection of the control group is a crucial step of the study. The following table summarises the type of measures and control selection as described in the above chapter.

Measuring risk, rate and odds ratios in a case-control study, using various sampling methods for controls (Source: Rodrigues L et al. Int J Epidemiol. 1990;19:205-13)

Measure Definition Case Control Formulation Design Controls sampled from
1-Risk ratio form1 form2 Case cohort Total study population present at the beginning of the study
2-Rate ratio (incidence density ratio) form 3 dform4 Density case-control People at risk at the time of case disease onset
3-Odds ratio form5 form6 Traditional case-control People disease free throughout the study period
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